The game follows a traditional 2D platforming structure set against pre-rendered 3D backgrounds. Players guide Pitfall Harry from left to right across a series of connected screens, jumping over gaps, swinging on climbing vines, and dodging snakes, scorpions and rolling logs. The player can pick up gold bars, bags of jewels, and other items to increase the score. Touching an enemy or falling into water costs a life. The challenge is to survive the time limit and reach the end of the course while discovering hidden passageways.

Move carefully after entering a new screen; many enemies and traps appear suddenly. Save the more difficult side rooms for when you have learned the layout. Use swinging vines to gain extra height over deep pits. Memorize the positions of treasure and the exits of alternate routes. Always keep an eye on the time remaining, as delays can cost a bonus.