The game uses a strategic map and menu-driven administration. Each turn represents a period of time in which the ruler assigns officers, develops cities, stores or distributes resources, trains troops, conducts diplomacy, and responds to events.

When armies move into conflict, battles are resolved on tactical battlefields with terrain, formations, officers, and unit commands affecting the result. Campaign progress comes from capturing cities, preserving supplies, improving domestic strength, and placing capable officers in appropriate roles. The primary objective is to eliminate or subdue rival forces and establish control over China.

Build a stable economy before launching a major offensive. Develop productive cities, maintain food reserves, and avoid exhausting troops through long campaigns.

Assign officers according to their abilities and loyalty. Use diplomacy to isolate a dangerous neighbor, then concentrate forces against one target instead of opening several fronts.

During battles, account for terrain, formation, morale, and supply lines. Experienced commanders and well-supplied units are often more valuable than a larger but poorly organized army.